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I am an emeritus Research Professor at the Finnish Institute for Educational Research (FIER) and currently working as a part-time Research Director. I also have a title of docent (adjunct professor) of Evaluation of Education at the University of Helsinki. My current work focuses on issues such as learning outcomes assessment, assessment effectiveness and criteria-based student assessment.

Before retiring, I worked at the FIER as the head of Education Systems and Society -unit, where I was responsible for international comparative assessment studies (e.g. PISA, PIRLS and TIMSS). Previously, I have worked in the learning outcomes assessment unit of the Finnish National Agency of Education and the National Centre for Educational Assessment and also at the University of Joensuu (nowadays the University of Eastern Finland).