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I’m an associate professor of educational evaluation in the Finnish Institute of Educational research. I have the title of docent (assessment for and of learning) in the University of Turku and (history and social studies education) in the University of Helsinki. In my current work I lead the assessment group that conducts all the IEA’s (TIMSS, PIRLS, ICCS, ICILS) and OECD’s (PISA and TALIS) international comparative evaluations that Finland is participating. My favorite research themes are educational equity, pupils’ and students’ proficiency and learning outcomes in international large-scale assessments like ICCS and high-stake assessment like Finnish matriculation examination. In my previous studies I have focused on PISA-results and its use for educational policies.