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Sulphate (SO₄^2-) is one primary ion found in elevated concentrations in waterways due to anthropogenic activities. Chronic exposure of sub-lethal sulphate concentrations has been found to reduce fitness in freshwater invertebrates, especially via inducing overall osmotic pressure. However, sulphate water quality guidelines have been lacking in most countries. Since sulphate toxicity is also context-specific and dependent on water hardness of the region, local data are needed in the effective development of regional environmental quality standards (EQS). This project aims to use Species Sensitivity Distribution modeling (SSD) to derive sulphate EQS in the soft Finnish freshwater environments and northern Baltic brackish water.